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Date: Mon, 20 Jul 92 05:00:03
From: Space Digest maintainer <digests@isu.isunet.edu>
Reply-To: Space-request@isu.isunet.edu
Subject: Space Digest V15 #015
To: Space Digest Readers
Precedence: bulk
Space Digest Mon, 20 Jul 92 Volume 15 : Issue 015
Today's Topics:
FTL drives
If the sun went out-how long life survive? (2 msgs)
Mir diary pt.2
No markets in space? (was Re: Chemical unit operations in space) (2 msgs)
Solar Power Satellites
Two-Line Orbital Element Sets, Part 1
Two-Line Orbital Element Sets, Part 2
Welcome to the Space Digest!! Please send your messages to
"space@isu.isunet.edu". Please do **NOT** send (un)subscription
requests to that address! Instead, send a message of the form
"Subscribe Space <your name>" to one of these addresses:
listserv@uga (BITNET), RICE::BOYLE (SPAN/NSInet),
UTADNX::UTSPAN::RICE::BOYLE (THENET), or
space-REQUEST@isu.isunet.edu (Internet).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 19 Jul 92 18:16:09 GMT
From: Scot Salmon <scot@jlc.mv.com>
Subject: FTL drives
Newsgroups: sci.space
In article <1992Jul15.162338.10675@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu> bmartino@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (Bob Martino) writes:
> In DUNE they used drugged-out floating monsterous bloob things
>to "warp" space with their minds. One of the reasons why I detested
>that movie.
>
> - that Bob Martino guy -
The movie was no where near as good as the book. Someone already explained
the book's version; basically, it involves "Navigators", humans who have
evolved along a completely new path, with mental powers specifically focused
on the ability to "fold space" which has already been described. You are
correct, however, in saying that they were drugged out.
My favorites: The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, with the Infinite
Probability Drive, and Robert Heinlein's system of making the ship
inertia-less so that the photons (particles of light, not torpedoes) hit
the ship and send it flying on its way at light speed. I think that's
the idea, anyway. It's from a collection of stories called "The Past Through
Tomorrow" (or "The Future History of the Universe") and the story is
called "Methuselah's Children".
- Scot (scot@jlc.mv.com)
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
I pray for one last landing
On the globe that gave me birth
Let me rest my eyes on the fleecy skies
And the cool green hills of Earth
- R. Heinlein
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
------------------------------
Date: 19 Jul 92 15:50:43 GMT
From: w.p.coyne@newcastle.ac.uk
Subject: If the sun went out-how long life survive?
Newsgroups: sci.bio,sci.misc,sci.space
brownt1@lincoln.ac.nz writes:
>In article w.p.coyne@newcastle.ac.uk writes:
>> On a nature program they had a piece about anaerobic bacteria
>> being discovered 5km underground by some group who are doing
>> a deep drilling experiment. They had an interview with
>> Thomas Gold. It was said that the bacteria is very primative.
>[stuff deleted]
>> Anyway if it is true it might increase the chances of simple life
>> existing on, or rather inside, other planets in the solar system.
>If you are familiar with the endolithic communities in antarctica,
>essentially algal/fungal/bacterial communities that live a few centimeters
>below the surface of sandstone rocks (ie. they occupy an area between 5
>and 25mm below the surface), you can understand the critism of the viking
>(i think it was viking) probes on mars, whose life form sampling did not
>extend to cracking open larger rocks. The suggestion being that there are
>a few places in antarctica where soil sampling could reveal virtually
>nothing, while there are several organisms living 5mm away in solid rock.
>Of course this theory may have been developed largely to secure NASA
>funding for endolithic community research... :-) Though seriously these
>communities live in conditions not a lot different from mars, the rock
>buffers them from both abrasive winds and rapidly oscillating
>temperatures, moisture input is very low, but then they're virtually a
>closed cycle anyway.
>There is also a similar case with cyanobacteria living in desert
>sandstones, it seems that the extreme temperatures in sun baked desert
>rocks squeeze out the eukaryotes.
If the sun went out tomorrow - for sake of argument let's assume it
was "turned-off", and did not blow up - how long would life survive
on Earth?
Does anyone have any idea as to how long roughly it would take
for the atmosphere to liquify then solidify if there was not
any sunlight to heat it up.
I guess that within a few days the surface would become cold
enough to kill most life. An after a week or so even the oxygen
would fall to the ground as snow, but these are just guesses.
Ocean life would survive a long time
because a layer of insulating ice would form over the top of the
ocean. Would the entire oceans freeze solid or would a point be
reached where ice pressure and geothermal heating would keep
significant a volume liquid?
Life in the deep oceanic vents could survive even if the oceans
were to be covered by a 1km layer of ice
Life 5km down utilising methane from oil would perhaps survive
for millions of years?
W.P.Coyne@newcastle.ac.uk
................ ................................+.......................
Department of Process and Chemical Engineering, +
Newcastle University, United Kingdom. + "You can lead a horse to
+ to water, but a pencil
ARPA : W.P.Coyne@newcastle.ac.uk + must be lead."
UUCP : ...!ukc!newcastle.ac.uk!W.P.Coyne + Stan Laurel
JANET: W.P.Coyne@uk.ac.newcastle +
................ ................................+.......................
------------------------------
Date: 19 Jul 92 18:28:13 GMT
From: Herman Rubin <hrubin@pop.stat.purdue.edu>
Subject: If the sun went out-how long life survive?
Newsgroups: sci.bio,sci.misc,sci.space
In article <Brn80K.4C5@newcastle.ac.uk> w.p.coyne@newcastle.ac.uk writes:
>brownt1@lincoln.ac.nz writes:
......................
> Does anyone have any idea as to how long roughly it would take
>for the atmosphere to liquify then solidify if there was not
>any sunlight to heat it up.
> I guess that within a few days the surface would become cold
>enough to kill most life. An after a week or so even the oxygen
>would fall to the ground as snow, but these are just guesses.
It would take much longer than that. Long enough for technological
people to put up domes heated with the waste heat from nuclear plants.
This was discussed earlier in sci.astro and sci.space.
--
Herman Rubin, Dept. of Statistics, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette IN47907-1399
Phone: (317)494-6054
hrubin@pop.stat.purdue.edu (Internet, bitnet)
{purdue,pur-ee}!pop.stat!hrubin(UUCP)
------------------------------
Date: 19 Jul 92 12:32:15 GMT
From: Anthony Frost <vulch@cix.clink.co.uk>
Subject: Mir diary pt.2
Newsgroups: sci.space
> 23 JAN I observed Mir as it passed almost overhead at
> 1:24 UTC at 0 visual magnitude. It was preceded by 3.5
> seconds of time by an object at +3 visual magnitude and
> varying in brightness which was probably due to tumbling.
On a similar topic, I was trying out the "STSPLUS" orbit tracking program at
the end of June, and on the 29th observed two consecutive near overhead
passes. On the first pass, there was an object "in formation" with Mir, the
next pass it was gone. By the diary I guess this was the Progress actually
on its way down!
Anthony
------------------------------
Date: 19 Jul 92 07:55:44 GMT
From: Nick Szabo <szabo@techbook.com>
Subject: No markets in space? (was Re: Chemical unit operations in space)
Newsgroups: sci.space
In article <1992Jul15.175830.1@fnalc.fnal.gov> higgins@fnalc.fnal.gov (Bill Higgins-- Beam Jockey) writes:
>It's also true that no large increase in astronautical activity will
>occur unless transportation from Earth decreases considerably.
>As this happens, the penalty for bringing equipment or raw materials from
>Earth will be lower.
An otherwise fine post, but this statement is a popular misconception.
The economics of space activity depend on both cost/lb. of transportation
and value/lb. of the goods transported (eg comsats). Value/lb. (eg
telephone circuits) has been increasing at a rate several orders of
magnitude higher than the decrease in cost/lb. If that trend continues
or accelerates, we will be processing materials in space long before
launch cost/lb. comes down significantly.
Of course, those who insist on thinking _only_ in terms of cost/lb.
will flame me for daring to project a trend.
--
szabo@techbook.COM Public Access User --- Not affiliated with TECHbooks
Public Access UNIX and Internet at (503) 644-8135 (1200/2400, N81)
------------------------------
Date: 19 Jul 92 17:38:41 GMT
From: Matthew DeLuca <ccoprmd@prism.gatech.EDU>
Subject: No markets in space? (was Re: Chemical unit operations in space)
Newsgroups: sci.space
In article <1992Jul19.075544.29047@techbook.com> szabo@techbook.com (Nick Szabo) writes:
>In article <1992Jul15.175830.1@fnalc.fnal.gov> higgins@fnalc.fnal.gov (Bill Higgins-- Beam Jockey) writes:
[Without lower costs for launching stuff from Earth, not a lot is going to be
happening in space anytime soon]
>An otherwise fine post, but this statement is a popular misconception.
>The economics of space activity depend on both cost/lb. of transportation
>and value/lb. of the goods transported (eg comsats). Value/lb. (eg
>telephone circuits) has been increasing at a rate several orders of
>magnitude higher than the decrease in cost/lb. If that trend continues
>or accelerates, we will be processing materials in space long before
>launch cost/lb. comes down significantly.
You're mixing apples and oranges, Nick. Beaming signals up and sending them
back down is in no way comparable to materials processing. In space-based
telecommunications, once you have put your satellite in space, your transport
costs are finished: you never have to launch anything again. Materials
processing, on the other hand, is likely to be a continuing series of launches
and retrievals, meaning that launch costs are going to be an ongoing expense.
Applying trends extrapolated from a completely unrelated industry is bad
business, at best.
I think Bill was right; we're going to need to see a signifigant drop in
launch costs before the market really opens up.
--
Matthew DeLuca "I'd hire the Dorsai, if I knew their
Georgia Institute of Technology P.O. box."
Office of Information Technology - Zebediah Carter,
Internet: ccoprmd@prism.gatech.edu _The Number of the Beast_
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 19 Jul 1992 16:29:11 GMT
From: Robert Bunge <rbunge@access.digex.com>
Subject: Solar Power Satellites
Newsgroups: sci.space
In article <BrHuE7.DGn@news.cso.uiuc.edu> tjn32113@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Thomas J. Nugent) writes:
>> to make it worse. Most people will live on Earth for some time to come,
>> to have humanity denied the sight of the stars would be tragic.
>> ta
>
>Well, if you live anywhere near any half pint city, you are mostly denied
>the sight of the stars. I live in Urbana, with the local population on
>the order of 100,000. You have to go really far out of town to see more
>than a dozen stars or so.
Nonetheless, you _can_ still see the sky if you really want to. There
is a growing industry of hotels and inns in the rocky mountians,
Hawaii and elsewere that aim to attract amateur astronomers and likers
of nature. People are spending big money on these vactions. If space
developers are careless, then there may not be a chance to enjoy the
sky from anywhere. Believe me, I'm not antispace development or anything
of the like. But, it does bother me when I see "well, by the the time
SPS is developed, perhaps astronomy will be spacebased." I have seen
some SPS stuff that mentions light pollution as a problem. I'm thrilled
to see it mentioned... that means people are thinking about.
Bob Bunge
rbunge@access.digex.com
------------------------------
Date: 18 Jul 92 01:03:59 GMT
From: TS Kelso <tkelso@afit.af.mil>
Subject: Two-Line Orbital Element Sets, Part 1
Newsgroups: sci.space
The most current orbital elements from the NORAD two-line element sets are
carried on the Celestial BBS, (513) 427-0674, and are updated daily (when
possible). Documentation and tracking software are also available on this
system. The Celestial BBS may be accessed 24 hours/day at 300, 1200, 2400,
4800, or 9600 bps using 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity.
Element sets (also updated daily) and some documentation and software are
available via anonymous ftp from archive.afit.af.mil (129.92.1.66) in the
directory pub/space.
As a service to the satellite user community, the most current of these
elements are uploaded weekly to sci.space.news and rec.radio.amateur.misc.
This week's elements are provided below.
- Current Two-Line Element Sets #024a -
Alouette 1
1 00424U 62B-A 1 92189.27952550 .00000084 00000-0 95455-4 0 5837
2 00424 80.4634 265.3623 0023869 139.1779 221.1159 13.67713928485352
ATS 3
1 03029U 67111 A 92198.51453824 -.00000079 00000-0 99999-4 0 7939
2 03029 14.0749 14.4147 0012686 240.0840 120.0646 1.00272896 90411
Cosmos 398
1 04966U 71 16 A 92199.20882865 .00057324 24167-4 21083-3 0 5548
2 04966 51.5018 268.5870 1649395 309.6927 36.9499 12.43970667680746
Starlette
1 07646U 75010 A 92195.65898006 -.00000005 00000-0 43536-4 0 4316
2 07646 49.8257 49.5330 0205819 172.8374 187.5537 13.82179182880544
LAGEOS
1 08820U 76039 A 92193.50563572 .00000006 00000-0 99999-4 0 4417
2 08820 109.8449 253.8405 0043514 76.3170 284.2450 6.38664389122084
ETS-2
1 09852U 77014 A 92190.49579743 -.00000259 00000-0 99999-4 0 6793
2 09852 10.8042 50.2349 0005583 264.5924 95.3382 1.00110990 3382
GOES 2
1 10061U 77048 A 92188.52508295 -.00000262 00000-0 99999-4 0 7996
2 10061 9.7843 54.4624 0000923 21.4239 338.5675 1.00272339 56534
IUE
1 10637U 78012 A 92197.65863326 -.00000188 00000-0 99999-4 0 5658
2 10637 33.4977 106.3702 1341025 14.8568 348.6994 1.00228209 5843
GPS-0001
1 10684U 78020 A 92185.84927226 -.00000002 00000-0 99999-4 0 8868
2 10684 64.2197 66.7617 0066959 158.8704 201.4799 1.98070029 90806
GPS-0002
1 10893U 78 47 A 92195.47994332 -.00000016 00000-0 99999-4 0 6459
2 10893 63.9413 306.8533 0201914 13.0787 347.4365 2.01628148103884
GOES 3
1 10953U 78062 A 92193.83956618 .00000100 00000-0 99999-4 0 4547
2 10953 8.7102 57.1050 0004352 73.2964 286.7126 1.00265478 4651
SeaSat 1
1 10967U 78064 A 92198.03267525 .00000145 00000-0 69267-4 0 8462
2 10967 108.0178 90.9255 0001857 274.9882 85.1073 14.37646197735581
GPS-0003
1 11054U 78093 A 92195.53274250 -.00000015 00000-0 99999-4 0 7266
2 11054 63.4948 302.7783 0067118 123.1911 237.5111 2.00575343100873
Nimbus 7
1 11080U 78098 A 92192.71466765 .00000004 00000-0 18770-4 0 9820
2 11080 99.1422 88.4665 0008505 221.2303 138.8209 13.83677916692376
GPS-0004
1 11141U 78112 A 92196.90478257 -.00000002 00000-0 99999-4 0 4443
2 11141 64.2127 66.5083 0049688 22.3402 337.9717 1.92895006 99452
GPS-0005
1 11690U 80 11 A 92195.85069448 -.00000001 00000-0 99999-4 0 3879
2 11690 64.5898 68.5351 0132396 199.5096 160.0503 2.00550185105434
GPS-0006
1 11783U 80 32 A 92113.08123957 -.00000016 00000-0 99999-4 0 6729
2 11783 63.1246 304.4863 0196643 28.9912 332.0945 2.03456675 87966
GOES 5
1 12472U 81049 A 92197.56526139 -.00000242 00000-0 99999-4 0 3401
2 12472 5.2974 66.2424 0004265 353.1282 6.8944 1.00300387 39847
Cosmos 1383
1 13301U 82 66 A 92192.80737883 .00000027 00000-0 24738-4 0 9343
2 13301 82.9320 107.6567 0025986 242.7066 117.1439 13.68013760500841
LandSat 4
1 13367U 82 72 A 92199.10933680 .00000428 00000-0 99999-4 0 3839
2 13367 98.2866 255.2124 0005733 270.3390 89.7149 14.57085002532116
IRAS
1 13777U 83 4 A 92198.04422533 .00000127 00000-0 11155-3 0 1967
2 13777 98.9941 31.8722 0012883 90.9234 269.3523 13.99124457153182
Cosmos 1447
1 13916U 83 21 A 92190.93817529 .00000038 00000-0 33133-4 0 112
2 13916 82.9460 175.4842 0036516 201.1522 158.8126 13.74256419466050
TDRS 1
1 13969U 83 26 B 92194.82826729 .00000125 00000-0 99999-4 0 7160
2 13969 6.2375 58.5024 0003641 38.4801 321.4972 1.00278569 6995
GOES 6
1 14050U 83 41 A 92194.74900014 .00000091 00000-0 99999-4 0 7151
2 14050 4.0639 69.0920 0002030 310.0768 49.7264 1.00295587 5723
OSCAR 10
1 14129U 83 58 B 92194.16414226 .00000004 00000-0 99998-4 0 8814
2 14129 26.6525 74.2772 6037763 359.6360 0.2155 2.05880802 40299
GPS-0008
1 14189U 83 72 A 92198.03328348 -.00000003 00000-0 99999-4 0 2483
2 14189 63.7899 64.0478 0136836 231.3414 127.5078 2.00563214 66006
LandSat 5
1 14780U 84 21 A 92199.22275459 .00000030 00000-0 11807-4 0 1852
2 14780 98.1860 259.0509 0001565 268.3819 91.7201 14.57124319445547
UoSat 2
1 14781U 84 21 B 92198.58455609 .00000478 00000-0 86059-4 0 2902
2 14781 97.8477 233.2242 0012516 354.9765 5.1315 14.68610507447454
GPS-0009
1 15039U 84 59 A 92194.22206862 -.00000004 00000-0 99999-4 0 6190
2 15039 63.5387 63.1720 0039677 219.1341 140.6498 2.00569497 59204
Cosmos 1574
1 15055U 84 62 A 92192.12839204 .00000028 00000-0 23634-4 0 2331
2 15055 82.9571 226.4411 0028890 26.7353 333.5273 13.73556393403562
GPS-0010
1 15271U 84 97 A 92197.65193555 -.00000015 00000-0 99999-4 0 3092
2 15271 62.7770 301.2393 0123077 339.4208 20.1224 2.00561850 56387
Cosmos 1602
1 15331U 84105 A 92197.97829737 .00001014 00000-0 12072-3 0 8991
2 15331 82.5311 13.7965 0021367 3.1944 356.9404 14.83268414420521
NOAA 9
1 15427U 84123 A 92197.62693069 .00000509 00000-0 29161-3 0 1310
2 15427 99.1415 225.2413 0015643 39.2060 321.0232 14.13416121391233
GPS-0011
1 16129U 85 93 A 92195.88129207 -.00000003 00000-0 99999-4 0 58
2 16129 64.3051 64.7436 0127619 143.8608 217.0990 2.00565077 49559
Mir
1 16609U 86 17 A 92198.82911005 .00019240 00000-0 27255-3 0 4354
2 16609 51.5982 98.3938 0017045 291.8596 68.0616 15.56340130366898
SPOT 1
1 16613U 86 19 A 92199.19605351 .00000143 00000-0 75945-4 0 7519
2 16613 98.7167 272.1619 0002139 108.6449 251.4982 14.20032055 17216
Cosmos 1766
1 16881U 86 55 A 92197.04788851 .00000915 00000-0 11097-3 0 7496
2 16881 82.5195 73.0465 0021329 24.3779 335.8525 14.82397107321391
EGP
1 16908U 86 61 A 92193.43954910 -.00000025 00000-0 99999-4 0 5795
2 16908 50.0139 94.1317 0011113 322.4175 37.5847 12.44404413268894
NOAA 10
1 16969U 86 73 A 92194.30690970 .00000004 00000-0 99999-5 0 9763
2 16969 98.5355 213.1065 0012436 225.2697 134.7505 14.24680789302239
MOS-1
1 17527U 87 18 A 92199.19150248 -.00000092 00000-0 -55783-4 0 2219
2 17527 99.0296 268.6267 0000804 88.6684 271.4579 13.94903695275354
GOES 7
1 17561U 87 22 A 92193.50405928 -.00000026 00000-0 99999-4 0 1075
2 17561 0.0140 262.6920 0002019 181.9656 275.3461 1.00272564 2885
Kvant-1
1 17845U 87 30 A 92196.58168658 .00027541 00000-0 38788-3 0 477
2 17845 51.5978 109.6467 0017008 283.3376 76.6234 15.56259741366540
DMSP B5D2-3
1 18123U 87 53 A 92196.84737451 -.00000361 00000-0 -17588-3 0 5174
2 18123 98.8026 27.3768 0014969 26.0002 334.2068 14.15161406261668
RS-10/11
1 18129U 87 54 A 92198.76492365 .00000175 00000-0 18085-3 0 2773
2 18129 82.9282 126.5324 0011845 161.6867 198.4692 13.72290137253847
Meteor 2-16
1 18312U 87 68 A 92196.59320566 .00000072 00000-0 59961-4 0 8887
2 18312 82.5548 49.0616 0011563 290.7928 69.1992 13.83954134247873
Meteor 2-17
1 18820U 88 5 A 92191.81963256 .00000080 00000-0 65508-4 0 7367
2 18820 82.5443 111.2382 0017926 12.3087 347.8507 13.84641553224463
DMSP B5D2-4
1 18822U 88 6 A 92198.16432728 .00000409 00000-0 19920-3 0 4133
2 18822 98.5369 67.5881 0005779 220.6358 139.4392 14.22681562230836
Glonass 34
1 19163U 88 43 A 92192.71509036 .00000018 00000-0 99999-4 0 5294
2 19163 64.9267 134.0597 0006962 198.2344 161.7117 2.13102025 31609
Glonass 36
1 19165U 88 43 C 92194.64823847 .00000018 00000-0 99999-4 0 7785
2 19165 64.9182 133.9847 0004667 326.0425 33.9005 2.13102517 32269
METEOSAT 3
1 19215U 88 51 A 92198.00000000 -.00000258 00000-0 00000+0 0 4427
2 19215 0.1411 63.5060 0001409 110.5038 70.6777 1.00262096 2966
AO-13
1 19216U 88 51 B 92194.98725910 -.00637148 00000-0 -31247+1 0 4338
2 19216 57.1350 13.9049 7356190 289.9866 10.5842 2.09091985 31295
OKEAN 1
1 19274U 88 56 A 92196.39908933 .00000520 00000-0 64956-4 0 4526
2 19274 82.5152 172.7722 0020247 154.7553 205.4659 14.81311721217001
Meteor 3-2
1 19336U 88 64 A 92191.85818953 .00000031 00000-0 67108-4 0 9414
2 19336 82.5429 104.1988 0015865 232.6700 127.2976 13.16949449190150
Glonass 39
1 19503U 88 85 C 92194.66979359 -.00000021 00000-0 99999-4 0 7807
2 19503 65.6912 13.0409 0006111 167.9894 192.0560 2.13105031 29751
NOAA 11
1 19531U 88 89 A 92196.28413767 .00000047 00000-0 35811-4 0 8719
2 19531 99.0828 160.3103 0011327 313.1336 46.8876 14.12713156195965
TDRS 2
1 19548U 88 91 B 92192.37156432 -.00000256 00000-0 99999-4 0 4434
2 19548 0.6531 77.8695 0002991 35.9529 246.1922 1.00261219 1278
Glonass 40
1 19749U 89 1 A 92197.99607536 .00000018 00000-0 00000+0 0 6851
2 19749 64.8664 133.5211 0006776 272.3517 87.5466 2.13101881 27353
Glonass 41
1 19750U 89 1 B 92197.11495686 .00000018 00000-0 00000+0 0 7365
2 19750 64.8918 133.5728 0008497 251.4102 108.4789 2.13101813 27334
GPS BII-01
1 19802U 89 13 A 92192.24363421 .00000016 00000-0 99999-4 0 4428
2 19802 55.0349 167.6869 0042004 172.5269 187.5228 2.00557979 24871
Akebono
1 19822U 89 16 A 92198.04853220 .00012741 00000-0 85509-3 0 5552
2 19822 75.0767 209.7617 3932503 74.8616 324.6290 7.55358656 55461
Meteor 2-18
1 19851U 89 18 A 92196.82838252 .00000050 00000-0 39208-4 0 6881
2 19851 82.5188 343.8543 0015839 39.4557 320.7754 13.84291508170510
MOP-1
1 19876U 89 20 B 92196.00000000 .00000011 00000-0 00000+0 0 3925
2 19876 0.2396 357.1058 0001314 104.2032 189.7080 1.00267874 8267
TDRS 3
1 19883U 89 21 B 92195.30483428 -.00000240 00000-0 99999-4 0 4561
2 19883 0.0989 215.9265 0001636 249.7487 254.2144 1.00261583 82440
GPS BII-02
1 20061U 89 44 A 92195.07313528 -.00000033 00000-0 99999-4 0 4462
2 20061 54.9098 345.1144 0107657 194.1991 165.4978 2.00562300 22673
Nadezhda 1
1 20103U 89 50 A 92192.76804637 .00000035 00000-0 30913-4 0 5873
2 20103 82.9601 88.7023 0038757 95.4543 265.1034 13.73790635151318
GPS BII-03
1 20185U 89 64 A 92193.41478271 .00000016 00000-0 99999-4 0 3924
2 20185 54.8804 168.3644 0012972 198.7048 161.2063 2.00559399 21214
--
Dr TS Kelso Assistant Professor of Space Operations
tkelso@afit.af.mil Air Force Institute of Technology
------------------------------
Date: 18 Jul 92 01:04:14 GMT
From: TS Kelso <tkelso@afit.af.mil>
Subject: Two-Line Orbital Element Sets, Part 2
Newsgroups: sci.space
The most current orbital elements from the NORAD two-line element sets are
carried on the Celestial BBS, (513) 427-0674, and are updated daily (when
possible). Documentation and tracking software are also available on this
system. The Celestial BBS may be accessed 24 hours/day at 300, 1200, 2400,
4800, or 9600 bps using 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity.
Element sets (also updated daily) and some documentation and software are
available via anonymous ftp from archive.afit.af.mil (129.92.1.66) in the
directory pub/space.
As a service to the satellite user community, the most current of these
elements are uploaded weekly to sci.space.news and rec.radio.amateur.misc.
This week's elements are provided below.
- Current Two-Line Element Sets #024b -
GMS 4
1 20217U 89 70 A 92194.80278022 -.00000254 00000-0 99999-4 0 4312
2 20217 0.2917 309.4117 0001288 192.6694 218.0719 1.00276018 11076
GPS BII-04
1 20302U 89 85 A 92191.45584718 -.00000015 00000-0 99999-4 0 3902
2 20302 54.0680 286.1409 0016386 330.5152 29.4280 2.00565627 19979
Meteor 3-3
1 20305U 89 86 A 92196.63018350 .00000043 00000-0 99999-4 0 5918
2 20305 82.5551 43.0215 0015413 239.4319 120.5283 13.16001782130709
COBE
1 20322U 89 89 A 92195.52625602 .00000204 00000-0 15314-3 0 5424
2 20322 99.0075 208.7180 0010400 60.6441 299.5764 14.03349173135694
Kvant-2
1 20335U 89 93 A 92196.83853259 .00017471 00000-0 24895-3 0 1456
2 20335 51.5996 108.3613 0017075 284.0605 75.8480 15.56259792366588
GPS BII-05
1 20361U 89 97 A 92195.45709087 .00000008 00000-0 99999-4 0 3431
2 20361 55.1564 110.2957 0065252 81.0761 279.6544 2.00562963 9535
SPOT 2
1 20436U 90 5 A 92199.22584905 .00000176 00000-0 91350-4 0 8966
2 20436 98.7408 273.1483 0001665 77.0583 283.0814 14.20020472128750
UO-14
1 20437U 90 5 B 92195.77169608 .00000113 00000-0 52078-4 0 5997
2 20437 98.6377 277.3807 0011894 94.9416 265.3125 14.29654459129070
UO-15
1 20438U 90 5 C 92195.25299824 .00000065 00000-0 33600-4 0 4822
2 20438 98.6411 276.5041 0010878 96.8709 263.3710 14.29052172128967
PACSAT
1 20439U 90 5 D 92190.53761206 .00000113 00000-0 51911-4 0 4837
2 20439 98.6444 272.8019 0012103 109.4347 250.8144 14.29718480128334
DO-17
1 20440U 90 5 E 92197.06646905 .00000108 00000-0 49563-4 0 4847
2 20440 98.6438 279.4014 0012764 90.6896 269.5750 14.29846360129273
WO-18
1 20441U 90 5 F 92196.75265515 .00000098 00000-0 46153-4 0 4847
2 20441 98.6439 279.1348 0013216 91.3505 268.9191 14.29837764129236
LO-19
1 20442U 90 5 G 92196.77498466 .00000099 00000-0 46339-4 0 4839
2 20442 98.6440 279.2733 0013484 90.9813 269.2914 14.29921208129247
GPS BII-06
1 20452U 90 8 A 92194.36601884 .00000009 00000-0 99999-4 0 3926
2 20452 54.1687 225.1870 0045902 68.0668 292.5308 2.00560339 18012
MOS-1B
1 20478U 90 13 A 92199.16521895 .00000318 00000-0 26198-3 0 9206
2 20478 99.1139 272.7807 0000893 83.8920 276.2341 13.94879703 45058
DEBUT
1 20479U 90 13 B 92191.80766870 .00000022 00000-0 77710-4 0 4297
2 20479 99.0740 106.1738 0541007 141.6646 222.4227 12.83281258113404
FO-20
1 20480U 90 13 C 92195.24899550 -.00000003 00000-0 22873-4 0 3786
2 20480 99.0750 108.9495 0541281 133.9087 230.8038 12.83211725113847
MOS-1B R/B
1 20491U 90 13 D 92198.31449582 -.00000272 00000-0 -48580-3 0 5508
2 20491 99.0652 135.8197 0471094 49.5952 314.5284 13.02937072115381
LACE
1 20496U 90 15 A 92197.72086595 .00005639 00000-0 21747-3 0 9724
2 20496 43.1033 61.0985 0017394 165.0217 195.1481 15.26998067134046
Nadezhda 2
1 20508U 90 17 A 92196.01783090 .00000005 00000-0 -16514-5 0 5430
2 20508 82.9496 221.0474 0045997 39.1778 321.2706 13.73421934119025
OKEAN 2
1 20510U 90 18 A 92195.84347028 .00000813 00000-0 11069-3 0 9002
2 20510 82.5263 117.6990 0019537 334.8011 25.2245 14.77472796127772
INTELSAT-6
1 20523U 90 21 A 92194.29864079 -.00000202 00000-0 99999-4 0 9426
2 20523 0.4963 262.4905 0006642 228.4815 232.8664 1.00334679 1579
GPS BII-07
1 20533U 90 25 A 92194.77042166 -.00000033 00000-0 99999-4 0 3919
2 20533 55.2201 345.4333 0039608 91.7274 268.7154 2.00562286 16798
PegSat
1 20546U 90 28 A 92198.12175263 .00010562 00000-0 35811-3 0 673
2 20546 94.1345 266.6644 0101319 69.5066 291.7477 15.25684456124882
HST
1 20580U 90 37 B 92198.99004529 .00001947 00000-0 17461-3 0 8038
2 20580 28.4705 62.6499 0004943 130.8298 229.2673 14.91624110121408
MACSAT 2
1 20608U 90 43 B 92197.45608937 .00000694 00000-0 11840-3 0 5927
2 20608 89.9115 186.1201 0109545 24.0548 336.5785 14.64081616116582
Glonass 44
1 20619U 90 45 A 92197.42743515 -.00000021 00000-0 00000+0 0 1877
2 20619 65.2409 12.9085 0022931 209.7520 150.1400 2.13102169 16804
Glonass 45
1 20620U 90 45 B 92198.01476482 -.00000021 00000-0 00000+0 0 2355
2 20620 65.2368 12.9033 0008355 45.1957 314.9028 2.13102861 16820
Glonass 46
1 20621U 90 45 C 92197.13697036 -.00000021 00000-0 00000+0 0 1166
2 20621 65.2652 12.9375 0013250 198.3993 161.5829 2.13101543 16806
Kristall
1 20635U 90 48 A 92196.83853096 .00013914 00000-0 19981-3 0 9456
2 20635 51.5996 108.3587 0017117 283.8773 76.0215 15.56255182366589
ROSAT
1 20638U 90 49 A 92195.65993560 .00001271 00000-0 10808-3 0 6550
2 20638 52.9976 271.5360 0015082 102.2014 258.0672 15.04995126116065
Meteor 2-19
1 20670U 90 57 A 92196.60998086 .00000073 00000-0 59915-4 0 4379
2 20670 82.5464 46.5075 0016349 325.0236 34.9848 13.84131511103421
CRRES
1 20712U 90 65 A 92199.02089178 .00001904 00000-0 23383-2 0 9396
2 20712 17.7696 111.0026 7195342 26.8034 356.7553 2.34118419 9449
GPS BII-08
1 20724U 90 68 A 92196.08415423 .00000016 00000-0 99999-4 0 2946
2 20724 54.6811 166.0734 0098914 140.9087 219.7743 2.00564474 14245
Feng Yun1-2
1 20788U 90 81 A 92194.31351805 .00000002 00000-0 12532-4 0 3986
2 20788 98.8942 223.8590 0015898 164.0750 196.0918 14.01246889 94987
Meteor 2-20
1 20826U 90 86 A 92196.80635748 .00000046 00000-0 36687-4 0 4392
2 20826 82.5245 344.7880 0011963 214.9455 145.0921 13.83503499 90635
GPS BII-09
1 20830U 90 88 A 92192.64585161 .00000007 00000-0 99999-4 0 3414
2 20830 55.0950 108.5231 0069899 109.3961 251.3599 2.00561766 13257
GPS BII-10
1 20959U 90103 A 92196.03838044 .00000016 00000-0 99999-4 0 2433
2 20959 54.9000 167.8059 0061910 219.1854 140.3303 2.00566764 11910
DMSP B5D2-5
1 20978U 90105 A 92195.17542535 .00000380 00000-0 15288-3 0 7197
2 20978 98.7860 242.7754 0080811 72.6519 288.3498 14.31971700 84338
Glonass 47
1 21006U 90110 A 92198.58097960 .00000018 00000-0 00000+0 0 8361
2 21006 64.8496 132.8901 0060423 187.0676 172.8432 2.13102343 12517
Glonass 48
1 21007U 90110 B 92197.82305724 .00000018 00000-0 00000+0 0 8807
2 21007 64.8742 132.9511 0037924 181.1531 178.8249 2.13100841 12495
Glonass 49
1 21008U 90110 C 92197.23745237 .00000018 00000-0 00000+0 0 8350
2 21008 64.8425 132.9515 0010286 291.2866 68.5931 2.13100028 12483
INFORMTR-1
1 21087U 91 6 A 92198.32011317 .00000078 00000-0 76069-4 0 4599
2 21087 82.9466 301.3660 0034105 236.8491 122.9342 13.74489219 73304
Cosmos 2123
1 21089U 91 7 A 92196.45145002 .00000037 00000-0 32918-4 0 2894
2 21089 82.9232 172.5447 0027676 266.6075 93.1915 13.73996278 72145
MOP-2
1 21140U 91 15 B 92199.00000000 -.00000005 00000-0 00000+0 0 2396
2 21140 0.3171 269.9393 0002584 205.3478 176.0653 1.00284391 4517
Nadezhda 3
1 21152U 91 19 A 92196.81044255 .00000029 00000-0 24432-4 0 3430
2 21152 82.9268 127.4171 0042625 11.3905 348.8204 13.73450104 67267
Almaz-1
1 21213U 91 24 A 92198.84076891 .00051883 00000-0 30689-3 0 699
2 21213 72.6520 350.2173 0006060 131.4641 228.6566 15.77829851 75174
Glonass 50
1 21216U 91 25 A 92198.59973025 -.00000021 00000-0 00000+0 0 7887
2 21216 65.0041 12.8496 0007871 212.4830 147.4836 2.13103686 10018
Glonass 51
1 21217U 91 25 B 92198.19086575 -.00000021 00000-0 00000+0 0 7823
2 21217 64.9942 12.8866 0009633 233.6885 126.2437 2.13102240 10007
Glonass 52
1 21218U 91 25 C 92198.30788028 -.00000021 00000-0 00000+0 0 7762
2 21218 64.9867 12.8438 0007021 303.6532 56.3237 2.13102956 10000
GRO
1 21225U 91 27 B 92198.08890206 .00016705 00000-0 20431-3 0 6431
2 21225 28.4600 200.4309 0004188 194.3699 165.7455 15.58741004 72506
Meteor 3-4
1 21232U 91 30 A 92196.76568418 .00000043 00000-0 99999-4 0 2376
2 21232 82.5417 306.3223 0017901 150.3909 209.8229 13.16809417 58918
NOAA 12
1 21263U 91 32 A 92195.05760286 .00000219 00000-0 11633-3 0 3307
2 21263 98.6946 224.5932 0014058 114.1270 246.1407 14.22069958 60443
OKEAN 3
1 21397U 91 39 A 92196.04079338 .00000488 00000-0 69725-4 0 5736
2 21397 82.5196 27.1971 0024603 33.7225 326.5555 14.75485777 59795
GPS BII-11
1 21552U 91 47 A 92195.31276895 .00000006 00000-0 99999-4 0 1990
2 21552 55.3837 105.7797 0036669 225.3029 134.4119 2.00574620 7496
ERS-1
1 21574U 91 50 A 92199.15479051 .00000335 00000-0 13902-3 0 4417
2 21574 98.5548 272.7499 0001365 86.7401 273.3950 14.32249194 52455
UO-22
1 21575U 91 50 B 92197.73758485 .00000138 00000-0 53881-4 0 1847
2 21575 98.5076 272.6501 0006960 219.5072 140.5608 14.36674674 52354
ORBCOMM-X
1 21576U 91 50 C 92190.74883373 .00000188 00000-0 71775-4 0 2407
2 21576 98.5082 265.3278 0003049 253.4960 106.5891 14.36009867 51328
TUBSAT
1 21577U 91 50 D 92190.23401573 .00000098 00000-0 40772-4 0 1817
2 21577 98.5079 265.0477 0005807 245.2222 114.8360 14.36259105 51265
SARA
1 21578U 91 50 E 92197.21898616 .00000624 00000-0 22069-3 0 3041
2 21578 98.5093 272.4348 0004203 226.2593 133.8268 14.37827791 52295
TDRS 4
1 21639U 91 54 B 92192.68180028 .00000111 00000-0 99999-4 0 1956
2 21639 0.0637 186.5437 0003791 278.6337 254.7692 1.00274955 1570
Meteor 3-5
1 21655U 91 56 A 92196.84466088 .00000043 00000-0 99999-4 0 3047
2 21655 82.5565 252.7470 0014253 148.0561 212.1421 13.16806752 44021
UARS
1 21701U 91 63 B 92197.81998156 .00000506 00000-0 54976-4 0 1779
2 21701 56.9833 89.5207 0005228 98.8409 261.3446 14.96243512 45948
DMSP B5D2-6
1 21798U 91 82 A 92198.88844847 .00015867 00000-0 84249-2 0 1939
2 21798 98.9358 192.8959 0012130 325.5575 34.9521 14.13493744 32675
Glonass 53
1 21853U 92 5 A 92198.52213343 .00000018 00000-0 99999-4 0 2156
2 21853 64.7961 132.6547 0006797 205.4647 154.4884 2.13102746 3619
Glonass 54
1 21854U 92 5 B 92197.87694244 .00000018 00000-0 99999-4 0 2113
2 21854 64.7970 132.6548 0016908 8.9776 351.0388 2.13102209 3590
Glonass 55
1 21855U 92 5 C 92196.52793751 .00000018 00000-0 99999-4 0 2129
2 21855 64.7959 132.7024 0006956 215.5884 144.3451 2.13101550 3554
JERS-1
1 21867U 92 7 A 92198.82614008 -.00009705 00000-0 -80812-3 0 2886
2 21867 97.7067 273.7283 0002761 103.5084 256.6322 14.98665745 23489
GPS BII-12
1 21890U 92 9 A 92197.26578326 -.00000014 00000-0 99999-4 0 971
2 21890 54.6263 285.5653 0061537 143.3422 217.1375 2.00571595 2904
Soyuz TM-14
1 21908U 92 14 A 92196.83853158 .00013819 00000-0 19848-3 0 1597
2 21908 51.5995 108.3586 0017116 283.9801 75.9219 15.56254976 18657
GPS BII-13
1 21930U 92 19 A 92193.98779677 -.00000019 00000-0 99999-4 0 946
2 21930 55.1914 46.1458 0075595 157.5920 202.8025 2.00567822 1833
EUVE
1 21987U 92 31 A 92193.73692899 .00002128 00000-0 10072-3 0 53
2 21987 28.4329 97.0694 0010081 203.2055 156.8176 15.14979376 5167
ProgressM13
1 22004U 92 35 A 92196.83853893 .00013853 00000-0 19898-3 0 260
2 22004 51.5991 108.3575 0017107 284.0085 75.9350 15.56254853 2210
Cosmos 2195
1 22006U 92 36 A 92196.79093105 -.00000013 00000-0 -20249-4 0 180
2 22006 82.9338 242.6959 0035763 255.3441 104.3749 13.74222773 1782
1992 036B
1 22007U 92 36 B 92197.56878226 -.00005117 00000-0 -52327-2 0 115
2 22007 82.9296 242.0744 0029778 237.9356 121.8902 13.76473505 1881
SAMPEX
1 22012U 92 38 A 92198.74878691 .00002889 00000-0 26588-3 0 123
2 22012 81.6729 188.8162 0126425 162.2130 198.3637 14.88448162 1960
1992 038B
1 22013U 92 38 B 92198.34175527 -.00000117 00000-0 -11939-4 0 82
2 22013 81.6725 189.2350 0123991 163.8767 196.6431 14.88838433 1900
GPS BII-14
1 22014U 92 39 A 92194.50814685 .00000009 00000-0 99999-4 0 72
2 22014 55.0519 225.8301 0093005 253.7951 105.2470 1.99596085 108
1992 039B
1 22015U 92 39 B 92196.33454724 .00001511 00000-0 14743-3 0 50
2 22015 20.7217 171.5628 0116543 262.0859 96.6330 14.74691703 28776
1992 039C
1 22016U 92 39 C 92198.15385990 .00083575 26191-5 17297-2 0 208
2 22016 34.7642 213.4840 6056865 201.7672 114.2387 4.04342635 313
1992 040A
1 22017U 92 40 A 92198.89764100 -.00001141 00000-0 00000+0 0 113
2 22017 62.9808 23.3502 7374940 318.4413 4.4310 2.00509598 189
1992 040B
1 22018U 92 40 B 92198.84062561 .00738408 10228-4 12855-2 0 192
2 22018 62.7753 353.6020 0227673 121.7684 240.6853 15.68949784 1314
1992 040C
1 22019U 92 40 C 92198.87730346 .01784739 37328-4 10229-2 0 225
2 22019 62.8237 353.1344 0228608 124.6038 237.8625 15.81565112 1332
1992 041A
1 22027U 92 41 A 92196.42318692 .00000109 00000-0 00000+0 0 47
2 22027 0.1063 238.4227 0038009 13.9401 190.3841 1.00799688 218
1992 041B
1 22028U 92 41 B 92196.19401232 .00000108 00000-0 99999-4 0 55
2 22028 0.0773 226.9535 0038878 25.8901 106.7135 1.00812035 07
1992 042A
1 22034U 92 42 A 92198.17570497 .00000023 00000-0 99999-4 0 59
2 22034 82.5909 222.6341 0012156 20.7364 339.4219 12.63899754 312
1992 042B
1 22035U 92 42 B 92196.75324366 .00000004 00000-0 00000+0 0 20
2 22035 82.5971 223.5502 0007797 260.5154 99.5009 12.60736330 135
1992 042C
1 22036U 92 42 C 92196.83260229 .00000004 00000-0 00000+0 0 38
2 22036 82.5964 223.4958 0007517 263.5655 96.4560 12.60741530 148
1992 042D
1 22037U 92 42 D 92197.70213076 .00000022 00000-0 99999-4 0 34
2 22037 82.5851 222.9362 0007104 15.1867 344.9561 12.62988852 251
1992 042E
1 22038U 92 42 E 92196.59407924 .00000004 00000-0 00000+0 0 27
2 22038 82.5869 223.6442 0005099 286.1751 73.9741 12.61468700 119
1992 042F
1 22039U 92 42 F 92196.75200295 .00000004 00000-0 00000+0 0 39
2 22039 82.5937 223.5496 0005431 343.2511 16.8652 12.62362981 137
1992 043A
1 22041U 92 43 A 92197.72644159 -.00000020 00000-0 99999-4 0 42
2 22041 1.5142 274.6313 0021046 101.1632 263.0756 0.97548145 10
1992 043B
1 22042U 92 43 B 92199.17113217 .07712869 60580-4 21095-3 0 186
2 22042 51.6573 260.3474 0006532 277.2521 83.2338 16.45196324 375
1992 043C
1 22043U 92 43 C 92197.64413327 .16578523 60644-4 69710-3 0 96
2 22043 51.6546 268.9301 0002065 33.4375 326.7324 16.43832464 128
--
Dr TS Kelso Assistant Professor of Space Operations
tkelso@afit.af.mil Air Force Institute of Technology
------------------------------
End of Space Digest Volume 15 : Issue 015
------------------------------